1. Spatial rotation and recognizing emotions : gender related differences in brain activityNorbert Jaušovec, Ksenija Jaušovec, 2008, original scientific article Abstract: In three experiments, gender and ability (performance and emotional intelligence) related differences in brain activity - assessed with EEG methodology - while respondents were solving a spatial rotation tasks and identifying emotions in faces were investigated. The most robust gender related difference in brain activity was observed in the lower-2 alpha band. Males and females displayed an inverse IQ-activation relationship in just that domain in which they usually perform better: females in the emotional intelligence domain, and males in the visuospatial ability domain. A similar pattern of brain activity could also be observed for the male/female respondents with different levels of performance and emotional IQ. It was suggested that high ability representatives of both genders to some extent compensate for their inferior problem solving skills (males in emotional tasks and females in spatial rotation tasks) by increasing their level of attention.
Keywords: psychology, cognitive processes, emotional intelligence, EEG activities, problem complexity, brain, memory, spatial rotation, gender, event-related desynchronization
Published in DKUM: 07.06.2012; Views: 2622; Downloads: 77
 Link to full text |
2. Gender related differences in visual and auditory processing of verbal and figural tasksNorbert Jaušovec, Ksenija Jaušovec, 2009, original scientific article Abstract: The aim of the present study was to investigate gender related differences in brain activity for tasks of verbal and figural content presented in the visual and auditory modality. Thirty male and 30 female respondents solved four tasks while their electroencephalogram (EEG) was recorded. Also recorded was the percentage of oxygen saturation of hemoglobin (%StO2) in the respondents' frontal brain areas with near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). The main findings of the study can be summarized as follows. (1) Most pronounced differences between males and females were observed for the factor modality-visual/auditory. (2) Gender related differences in neuroelectric brain responses could be observed during the solution of auditory and visual tasks; however, on the behavioral level only for the visual tasks did females display shorter reaction times than males. The ERP amplitudes of the early evoked gamma response, P1, and P3 were higher in females than males, whereas the N4 amplitude was higher in males than females. The differences were more noticeable in the visual modality. The NIRS showed a more bilateral involvement of the frontal brain areas in females as compared with a more left hemispheric frontal activity in males. In the task conditions an increase in right hemispheric activity in females was observed; however, this increase was less pronounced in the visual than the auditory domain, indicating a more lateralized processing of visual stimuli in females. Taken all together the results suggest that the females' visual event-categorization process is more efficient than in males.
Keywords: psychology, neuropsychology, brain activities, visual processing, auditory processing, gender, gender differences
Published in DKUM: 07.06.2012; Views: 2098; Downloads: 105
Link to full text |
3. Do women see things differently than men do?Norbert Jaušovec, Ksenija Jaušovec, 2009, original scientific article Abstract: The aim of the study was to investigate the influence of gender on brain activity. Thirty male and 30 female respondents solved simple auditory and visual tasks while their electroencephalogram (EEG) was recorded. Also recorded was the percentage of oxygen saturation of hemoglobin (%StO2) in the respondents' frontal brain areas with near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). The attended task condition was based on the oddball paradigm. Respondents had to mentally count infrequent target stimuli - tones or shapes. In the unattended condition they just listened to tones or viewed different shapes. Gender related differences in EEG activity were only observed in the amplitudes of the early evoked gamma response and the P3 component. Women displayed higher amplitudes than men. A second finding was that these differences were more pronounced for the visual than for the auditory stimuli. No gender related differences were observed in the ERP latencies, as well as in the amplitudes of the P1-N1 complex, and the induced gamma response. The NIRS data showed that males in their frontal brain areas displayed a higher percentage of StO2 than did females; and males also showed a higher increase in %StO2 during task performance as compared with the resting condition. Taken all together the results suggest that the females' visual event-categorization process is more efficient than in males. The data are discussed in the theoretical framework of the evolutionary theory of human spatial sex differences.
Keywords: psychology, functional neuroimaging, brain activities, neuropsychology, gender, gender differences
Published in DKUM: 07.06.2012; Views: 1861; Downloads: 100
Link to full text |
4. PREDŠOLSKI OTROK IN ZDRAVA PREHRANAKsenija Jaušovec, 2009, undergraduate thesis Abstract: V diplomskem delu z naslovom Predšolski otrok in zdrava prehrana smo v teoretičnem delu diplomskega dela zbrali podatke o zdravi in uravnoteženi prehrani predšolskih otrok. Spregovorili smo tudi o piramidi zdrave prehrane, načelih zdravega prehranjevanja in sestavinah zdrave prehrane. Osredotočili smo se na prehrano predšolskega otroka in dnevne obroke. Dotaknili pa smo se tudi izbirčnosti predšolskih otrok pri hrani in vloge staršev ter vrtca oz. vzgojiteljev.
V empiričnem delu diplomskega dela so predstavljeni rezultati raziskave, s katero smo ugotavljali, kakšne so prehranske navade predšolskih otrok in ali se pravilno in zdravo prehranjujejo. Obdelani so bili podatki, pridobljeni iz anketnega vprašalnika, ki je bil namenjen staršem predšolskih otrok iz vrtca Sveta Ana. V raziskovalnem vzorcu je sodelovalo 40 staršev predšolskih otrok. Anketa je bila izvedena v mesecu decembru 2008. V tem delu so bile z deskriptivno metodo empiričnega pedagoškega raziskovanja preverjene in ovrednotene zastavljene hipoteze.
Iz rezultatov anketnega vprašalnika je bilo razvidno, da kar 90 odstotkov anketiranih staršev spremlja jedilnike v vrtcu. Večina predšolskih otrok vsak dan uživa sadje in zelenjavo. Pogostost slaščic pri otrocih je velika. S prehrano v vrtcu je nekaj manj kot polovica otrok zadovoljnih. Starši so po večini mnenja, da prehrambene navade, razvite v otroštvu, ostanejo vse življenje.
Keywords: Ključne besede: predšolski otrok, zdrava prehrana, prehranjevalne navade, vloga staršev, vloga vzgojiteljev.
Published in DKUM: 11.06.2009; Views: 9223; Downloads: 2287
 Full text (289,49 KB) |
