1. Study on the compression effect of clothing on the physiological response of the athleteMarianna Halász, Jelka Geršak, Péter Bakonyi, Gabriella Oroszlány, András Koleszár, Orsolya Nagyné Szabó, 2022, original scientific article Abstract: The study aimed to analyze whether the high compression of unique, tight-fitting sportswear
influences the clothing physiology comfort of the athlete. Three specific sportswear with different
compression were tested on four subjects while they were running on a treadmill with increasing
intensity. The compression effect of the sportswear on the body of the test persons, the temperature
distribution of the subjects, and the intensity of their perspiration during running were determined.
The results indicate that the compression effect exerted by the garments significantly influences the
clothing physiology comfort of the athlete; a higher compression load leads to more intense sweating
and higher skin temperature.
Keywords: clothing physiology, tight-fitting sportswear, running test on a treadmill, thermal comfort, skin temperature, perspiration
Published in DKUM: 21.03.2025; Views: 0; Downloads: 2
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2. Wearable online freezing of gait detection and cueing systemJan Slemenšek, Jelka Geršak, Božidar Bratina, Vesna M. Van Midden, Zvezdan Pirtošek, Riko Šafarič, 2024, original scientific article Abstract: This paper presents a real-time wearable system designed to assist Parkinson’s disease patients experiencing freezing of gait episodes. The system utilizes advanced machine learning models, including convolutional and recurrent neural networks, enhanced with past sample data preprocessing to achieve high accuracy, efficiency, and robustness. By continuously monitoring gait patterns, the system provides timely interventions, improving mobility and reducing the impact of freezing episodes. This paper explores the implementation of a CNN+RNN+PS machine learning model on a microcontroller-based device. The device operates at a real-time processing rate of 40 Hz and is deployed in practical settings to provide ‘on demand’ vibratory stimulation to patients. This paper examines the system’s ability to operate with minimal latency, achieving an average detection delay of just 261 milliseconds and a freezing of gait detection accuracy of 95.1%. While patients received on-demand stimulation, the system’s effectiveness was assessed by decreasing the average duration of freezing of gait episodes by 45%. These preliminarily results underscore the potential of personalized, real-time feedback systems in enhancing the quality of life and rehabilitation outcomes for patients with movement disorders.
Keywords: Parkinson’s disease, freezing of gait, machine learning, real-time systems, wearable devices, on-demand stimulation
Published in DKUM: 31.01.2025; Views: 0; Downloads: 4
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3. Detekcija zamrznjenega koraka in stimulacija v realnem času s personaliziranim nosljivim sistemom za bolnike s Parkinsonovo boleznijo : doktorska disertacijaJan Slemenšek, 2024, doctoral dissertation Abstract: Analiza in razumevanje človeškega gibanja odpirata nova vrata na različnih področjih, kot so šport,
robotika, virtualna resničnost, medicina in rehabilitacija. Detekcija specifičnih aktivnosti človeškega
gibanja omogoča razvoj naprednih, personaliziranih naprav, orodij in pripomočkov za medicinske
namene. Zbiranje in analiza gibalnih podatkov omogočata ustvarjanje objektivnejše ocene o
dejanskem motoričnem stanju posameznika ali bolnika, kar lahko poveča učinkovitost treninga,
okrevanja in rehabilitacije. Disertacija predlaga robusten, nosljiv merilni sistem za zajemanje in analizo
človeškega gibanja v realnem času, namenjen bolnikom s Parkinsonovo boleznijo, ki doživljajo epizode
zamrznitve koraka. Gibalni podatki so pridobljeni s pomočjo pospeškometrov, giroskopov in merilnikov
mišične aktivnosti, vgrajenih v elastičen pas, nameščen pod kolenom na obeh nogah. Gibalni podatki
so uporabljeni za učenje in testiranje algoritmov strojnega učenja. Z obširno primerjalno analizo
desetih uveljavljenih klasifikacijskih algoritmov strojnega učenja za namene detekcije petih aktivnosti
smo identificirali kombinacijo konvolucijskih in rekurentnih nevronskih mrež z dodanim mehanizmom
pozornosti kot najbolj učinkovit klasifikacijski model, ki je nove instance klasificiral s točnostjo 98.9 %,
natančnostjo 96.8 %, senzitivnostjo 97.8 %, specifičnostjo 99.1 % ter F1 oceno 97.3 %. Enostavnejša,
čeprav zanemarljivo manj učinkovita kombinacija konvolucijskih in rekurentnih nevronskih mrež z
dodatkom preteklih podatkovnih instanc, je implementirana na mikrokrmilniku in uporabljena za
klasifikacijo novih instanc s frekvenco 40 Hz. Sistem je v realnem času detektiral zamrznjen korak pri
bolnikih s Parkinsonovo boleznijo s točnostjo 95.1 % in povprečno zakasnitvijo 261 ms, pri čemer so
bolniki prejemali stimulacijo po potrebi. Ritmični vibracijski stimulatorji so uspešno zmanjšali
povprečno trajanje zamrznjenega koraka za 38 %.
Keywords: Analiza gibanja, Parkinsonova bolezen, zamrznitev koraka, strojno učenje, aktivna stimulacija.
Published in DKUM: 22.10.2024; Views: 0; Downloads: 36
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4. Human gait activity recognition machine learning methodsJan Slemenšek, Iztok Fister, Jelka Geršak, Božidar Bratina, Vesna M. Van Midden, Zvezdan Pirtošek, Riko Šafarič, 2023, original scientific article Keywords: human gait, activity recognition, wearable, machine learning, convolutional neural network, recurrent neural network, attention mechanism
Published in DKUM: 10.04.2024; Views: 274; Downloads: 22
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5. Development of the smart T-shirt for monitoring thermal status of athletesSandra Stojanović, Jelka Geršak, Suzana Uran, 2022, original scientific article Abstract: Athletes are often subjected to a great physical strain during training and competition. Sport activities performed in hot and humid conditions may result in different heat illnesses with mild or fatal consequences. Against this background it is important to know the thermal state of athletes during physical activity.
This article presents the development of a smart T-shirt for monitoring the thermal status of an athlete. The smart T-shirt was created by embedding an electronic system with temperature and humidity sensors that allows the measurement of temperature and the relative humidity of the microclimate. A smart T-shirt is comfortable, and integrated sensors and electronics do not affect wearing comfort. A good concurrence between the temperature and humidity results from using the smart T-shirt, and thus the medical device was achieved. Data obtained can be of great importance to the sports staff who will be able to monitor the athletes' thermal state during matches and competitions.
Keywords: smart T-shirt, microclimate temperature, relative humidity of the microclimate
Published in DKUM: 26.03.2024; Views: 190; Downloads: 19
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6. Influence of structural and constructional parameters of knitted fabrics on the thermal properties of men's socksPredrag Tasić, Dušan Trajković, Jelka Geršak, 2023, original scientific article Abstract: The research is focused on determining the influence of structural and constructional parameters of rib knitted fabrics on the thermal properties of men's socks. Men's socks are made in three different pattern constructions of three types of basic yarns: bamboo, cotton and a cotton/polyester blend with the additional filament polyamide yarn and wrapped rubber wire for the so-called render socks. For all analyzed sock rib patterns, the most important structural parameters of the yarn and construction parameters of the knitted fabrics were determined. Thermal properties of socks such as the cool touch feeling property, thermal conductivity, heat retention coefficient and thermal resistance were determined by using Thermal Labo and Thermal Mannequin measuring devices. The structural and constructional parameters of knitted fabrics were shown to affect the investigated thermal properties of the socks, making them more or less insulating or heat conducting. Values of the warm-cold feeling parameter as well as thermal conductivity vary depending on the construction pattern, showing a decrease as the number of face loops is increased i.e. in the sequence R1:1> R3:1> R7:1. The ability to retain heat decreases in the opposite sequence R7:1 > R3:1 > R1:1. The highest values of heat retention were determined for R7:1 rib knitted socks by both methods. A regression equation has been established with thickness, loop length, mass per unit area and porosity as independent variables, and thermal resistance (determined by the Thermo Labo method) as the dependent variable. The loop length and mass per unit area were shown to contribute significantly to the model.
Keywords: yarn, rib knitted fabric, thermal insulation
Published in DKUM: 06.02.2024; Views: 286; Downloads: 21
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7. Influence of undergarments on the comfort level of scoliosis brace wearersO. Nagy Szabó, Jelka Geršak, András Koleszár, Marianna Halász, 2023, original scientific article Abstract: Bracing has proven to be an effective method for the conventional treatment of scoliosis in young people. A brace, a therapeutic device, covers the upper body and promotes healing by applying pressure to specific areas. However, wearing a scoliosis brace negatively affects the user’s thermo-physiological well-being and often leads to discomfort. In this study, we investigated the influence of T-shirts as an undergarment on the thermo-physiological well-being of the brace wearer. For this purpose, we performed a comparative analysis of six T-shirts made from different special knitted fabrics. We carried out wearing tests in a computer-controlled climate chamber according to a predetermined protocol. The test subject wore the orthopedic brace over the different T-shirts at three different temperatures. The results indicate that the knitted fabrics of undergarments and environmental conditions considerably impact the wearer’s thermo-physiological comfort. In the tests, the T-shirts made from the selected functional fabrics performed very well. The T-shirt made from the classic cotton fabric containing elastane yarn also performed well and was the most environmentally friendly. Currently, due to its lower price and easier availability, this cotton T-shirt can be recommended for wearing under a scoliosis brace.
Keywords: clothing physiology, undergarment, knitted fabrics, scoliosis brace, climate chamber, textile material testing
Published in DKUM: 05.09.2023; Views: 350; Downloads: 37
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8. Synergistic effect of screen-printed Al(OH)[sub]3 nanoparticles and phosphorylated cellulose nanofibrils on the thermophysiological comfort and high-intensive heat protection properties of flame-retardant fabricTjaša Kolar, Jelka Geršak, Nataša Knez, Vanja Kokol, 2022, original scientific article Abstract: Al(OH)3 nanoparticles (ATH NPs) and phosphorylated cellulose nanofibrils (PCNFs) were used as user-friendly and comfortable coating components on flame-retardant fabric to improve its thermophysiological comfort and high-intensive heat protection properties. The effect of the PCNF imprinting and its attachment after the post-printing of a hydrophobic polyacrylate (AP) on the same (back side) or the other (front) side of the fabric, with and without the addition of ATH NPs, was considered, to maintain the front side (facing the wearer) as hydrophilic while keeping the back side (facing the outside) hydrophobic. The amount of coatings applied and their patterning were studied, varied with the ATH NPs’ concentration (1.7, 3.3 and 6.7 wt%) and screen mesh size used (60 and 135), based on the coating’ mass, fabric’s air permeability, thickness and microstructure. The reduced moisture build-up (55%), increased the water vapour (13%) and heat (12%) transfer from the skin, were assessed by applying PCNF under the AP, being more pronounced in the case of using a 135 mesh-sized screen, given the smaller, more densely distributed, thinner and imprinted pattern coatings. These effects were further improved by the addition of nanoporous ATH NPs, which allowed more homogeneous spreading of the moisture and its faster transport. Such a treatment also shifted the fabric’s degradation temperature towards higher values (up to 15°C), retained up to 30% of high-heat flux (21 kW/m2), prolonged the time to ignition by 11 s and reduced the total heat released by up to 60%, thereby providing better protection when exposed to the heat, due to the presence of the phosphorous (PCNF) promoted generation of an Al2O3 char acting as a barrier layer, while also reducing the production of heat and generation of smoke by 75%.
Keywords: tekstilna tehnologija, ognjevaren tekstil, Al(OH)3 nanodelci, celulozni nanofibrili, tiskanje tekstilij, optične lastnosti, termofiziološko udobje, toplotna zaščita, flame-retardant textile, Al(OH)3 nanoparticles, phosphorylated cellulose nanofibrils, screen-printing, thermophysiological comfort, heat protection
Published in DKUM: 12.07.2023; Views: 455; Downloads: 15
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9. Razvoj nanoteksturiranih prej, tkanin in folij za tekstilne izdelke s toplotno in ognjevarno zaščito : zaključno poročilo aplikativnega raziskovalnega projektaVanja Kokol, Tjaša Kolar, Vera Vivod, Polona Dobnik-Dubrovski, Jelka Geršak, Branka Mušič, Lucija Kobal, Martin Krečič, Franci Debelak, Matjaž Kolar, Ludvik Kumar, 2022, final research report Keywords: nanocelulozni materiali, nanodelci, protimikrobne lastnosti
Published in DKUM: 25.10.2022; Views: 566; Downloads: 30
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