1. Topochemical modification of cotton fibres with carboxymethyl celluloseLidija Fras Zemljič, Peer Stenius, Janne Laine, Karin Stana-Kleinschek, 2008, original scientific article Abstract: The research reported in this paper demonstrates that the capacity of cotton fibres to adsorb cationic surfactants as well as the rate of the adsorption process can be increased by adsorbing carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) onto the fibre surfaces; in addition, the adsorption can be restricted to the fibre surface. CMC was deposited by means of adsorption from an aqueous solution. The adsorption of N-cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) from an aqueous solution onto the CMC-modified fibres was measured using UVspectrometric determination of the surfactant concentration in the solution. Adsorption onto the cotton fibres was studied in a weakly basic environment (pH 8.5) where cotton fibres are negatively charged and the CPC ion is positively charged. Modification of the fibres by adsorption of CMC introduces new carboxyl groups onto the fibre surfaces, thereby increasing the adsorption capacity of the fibres for CPC. The initial rate of adsorption of CPC increased proportionally with the amountof charge; however, this rate slowed down at high degrees of coverage onfibres with a high charge. The adsorption of cationic surfactant to the anionic surface groups was stoichiometric, with no indication of multilayer oradmicelle formation. It was evident that the acidic group content of the fibres was the primary factor determining cationic surfactant adsorption to these fibres.
Keywords: textile fibres, cotton fibres, modification, carboxymethyl cellulose, acid groups, charge increase, conductiometric titration, phenol-sulphuric acid test, practical applications
Published in DKUM: 01.06.2012; Views: 1826; Downloads: 103
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2. Adsorption of fucoidan and chitosan sulfate on chitosan modified PET films monitored by QCM-DTea Indest, Janne Laine, Leena Sisko Johansson, Karin Stana-Kleinschek, Simona Strnad, Renate Dworczak, Volker Ribitsch, 2009, original scientific article Abstract: The adsorption behavior of fucoidan as well as chitosan derivatives (chitosan sulfate) on poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) model film surface was studied using the quartz crystal microbalance technique. These systems were chosen for this study due to their promising biocompatible properties. Moreover, fucoidan and chitosan sulfate have promising anticoagulant properties and represent an alternative to heparin treatment of vascular grafts. As a first step, PET foils were activated by alkaline hydrolysis to increase their hydrophilicity. From these foils, model PET films were prepared by the spin coating technique on a silica quartz crystal. The selected polysaccharides (chitosan, fucoidan, and chitosan sulfate) were adsorbed from aqueous solutions on the PET surfaces. The adsorption was monitored using a quartz crystal microbalance with a dissipation unit. The surface chemistry and morphology of the chitosan/fucoidan or chitosan/chitosan sulfate coated PET-H films was analyzed using XPS and AFM. It was found that chitosan/fucoidan films were thinner and more compressed, while in the case of chitosan/chitosansulfate, large amounts of chitosan sulfate were adsorbed, indicating a loose and thick adsorbed film.
Keywords: PET films, fucoidan, chitosan sulfate, adsorption, anticoagulant properties
Published in DKUM: 01.06.2012; Views: 1913; Downloads: 106
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3. Analysis of the oxidation of cellulose fibres by titration and XPSLidija Fras Zemljič, Leena Sisko Johansson, Peer Stenius, Janne Laine, Karin Stana-Kleinschek, Volker Ribitsch, 2005, original scientific article Abstract: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of selective oxidation on the surface properties of cotton cellulose fibres. Four different methods to evaluate the accessibility, nature and content of ionisable acidic groups (charge) in the fibres were applied: potentiometric and conductometric titrations, polyelectrolyte adsorption and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results from this combination of methods show that two processes take place when the oxidation method is applied: elimination of low molecular mass non-cellulosic compounds and formation of new acidic groups in the cellulose chains. Which of these processes is predominating depends on oxidation time, but the first one is initially more important. Polyelectrolyte adsorption and XPS show that the surface concentration of acidic groups is considerably lower than the bulk concentration, i.e. during oxidation the content of carboxyl groups in the surface region decreases, while it increases in amorphous regions. The decrease is due to the dissolution of low molecular weight compounds; the increase is due to the formation of new acidic groups. The use of titration methods in combination with XPS appears to be a very useful tool for identification of the formation and distribution of ionic groups in cotton fibres and their surfaces.
Keywords: textile fibres, cotton fibres, cellulose fibres, oxidation, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, XPS, acid groups in fibres
Published in DKUM: 01.06.2012; Views: 2121; Downloads: 114
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