1. Long-term impact of community psychiatric care on quality of life amongst people living with schizophrenia : a systematic reviewJožica Černe Kolarič, Anja Plemenitaš Ilješ, Darja Kraner, Vida Gönc, Mateja Lorber, Nataša Mlinar Reljić, Zvonka Fekonja, Sergej Kmetec, 2024, review article Abstract: The review examines the long-term impact of community psychiatric care on improving the quality of life of people with schizophrenia. It addresses the global burden of this disorder and the need for effective community-based care strategies. A systematic literature search was conducted in databases such as CINAHL, Medline, Web of Science, Sage and ScienceDirect, with the search lasting until March 2024 and following the PRISMA guidelines. The inclusion criteria targeted studies that addressed the long-term effects of community mental health care for people aged 18 years and older with schizophrenia and included both quantitative and qualitative research designs. Studies unrelated to the research question or with significant methodological flaws were excluded. The risk of bias was assessed using GRADE and GRADECERqual, in addition to critical appraisal using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) checklists. Independent screening and data extraction was performed, with results summarised by thematic analysis. In total, 11 studies met the inclusion criteria and included cross-sectional, cohort, qualitative and randomised controlled trial designs. The results showed that community psychiatric care significantly improves the quality of life, well-being and social integration of people with schizophrenia. Effective interventions identified include psychoeducation, cognitive behavioural therapy, social skills training and individualised care plans. However, challenges such as limited resources, labour shortages and social stigma, particularly in low-income neighbourhoods, were also identified. This study highlights the importance of continuous, personalised, multidisciplinary community-based care for sustainable mental health outcomes. Further research is recommended to investigate the long-term impact and strategies to overcome implementation challenges.
Keywords: schizophrenia, quality of life, community, psychiatric care, patient, systematic review
Published in DKUM: 22.11.2024; Views: 0; Downloads: 3
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2. Person-centred care: a support strategy for managing non-communicable diseasesMateja Lorber, Nataša Mlinar Reljić, Barbara Kegl, Zvonka Fekonja, Gregor Štiglic, Adam Davey, Sergej Kmetec, 2024, original scientific article Abstract: Background: Over the last decade, the inadequacy and unsustainability of current healthcare services for managing long-term co-morbid and multi-morbid diseases have become evident. Methods: This study, involving 426 adults with at least one non-communicable disease in Slovenia, aimed to explore the link between quality of life, life satisfaction, person-centred care, and non-communicable disease management. Results: Results indicated generally positive perceptions of quality of life, general health, and life satisfaction of individuals with non-communicable diseases. Participants assessed their physical health as the highest of the four quality of life domains, followed by the environment, social relations, and psychological health. Significant differences occurred in life satisfaction, general health, quality of life, and person-centred care for managing non-communicable diseases. But, there were no significant differences in person-centred care according to the living environment. The study revealed a positive association between person-centred care and effective non-communicable disease management, which is also positively associated with quality of life, general health, and life satisfaction. Conclusions: Person-centred care is currently the most compassionate and scientific practice conceived, representing a high ethical standard. However, implementing this approach in healthcare systems requires a cohesive national strategy led by capable individuals to foster stakeholder collaboration. Such an approach is crucial to address the deficiencies of existing healthcare services and ensure person-centred care sustainability in non-communicable disease management.
Keywords: person-centred care, non-communicable disease, quality of life, life satisfaction
Published in DKUM: 22.11.2024; Views: 0; Downloads: 2
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4. Etične dileme zdravstvenih delavcev pri pacientih s kronično nenalezljivimi boleznimi v paliativni oskrbiKatja Najžar, 2024, undergraduate thesis Abstract: Uvod: Etične dileme so pomemben del sodobne zdravstvene nege. Zaradi njihove kompleksnosti je njihovo prepoznavanje težje. Na dolgi rok se pri zaposlenih v zdravstveni negi kot posledica etičnih dilem lahko pojavijo utrujenost zaradi sočutja, izgorelost in nezadovoljstvo z delom. Namen zaključnega dela je raziskati etične dileme, s katerimi se srečujejo zdravstveni delavci pri oskrbi pacientov s kronično nenalezljivimi boleznimi.
Metode: Izveden je bil sistematičen pregled literature. Uporabljena je bila iskalna strategija z določenimi ključnimi besedami in kriteriji za vključitev in izključitev člankov. Pregledane so bile podatkovne baze PubMed, CINAHL, SAGE in Web of Science; sledili smo smernicam PRISMA ter uporabili narativno sintezo.
Rezultati: V analizo in sintezo je bilo vključenih šest raziskav. Najpogostejše dileme vključujejo vprašanja dostojanstva, avtonomije pacientov, komunikacije o diagnozah in prognozah ter odmerjanja zdravil v paliativni sedaciji. Ugotovljeno je bilo, da etične dileme pogosto vodijo v moralno stisko in stres zdravstvenih delavcev, še posebej v okoljih z omejenimi viri in podporo.
Razprava in zaključek: Etične dileme so v paliativni oskrbi pogoste in močno vplivajo na zdravstvene delavce. Ključnega pomena je pravočasno vključevanje pacientov v paliativno oskrbo, jasna komunikacija in spoštovanje avtonomije pacientov. Izobraževanje in podpora zdravstvenim delavcem lahko pripomoreta k boljši obravnavi etičnih dilem. Priporočljivo je nadaljnje raziskovanje in razvoj strategij za prepoznavanje in reševanje etičnih dilem za zmanjšanje obremenitev zdravstvenih delavcev.
Keywords: etične dileme, zdravstveni delavci, paliativna oskrba
Published in DKUM: 18.11.2024; Views: 0; Downloads: 25
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5. Izkušnje pacientov s kronično nenalezljivo boleznijo z vnaprej pripravljenim načrtom paliativne oskrbeAlina Hojnik, 2024, undergraduate thesis Abstract: Uvod: Kronične nenalezljive bolezni predstavljajo veliko breme sodobnega sveta, zato je pomembno delovanje v korist posameznika in lajšanje njegovih simptomov. Namen vnaprej pripravljenega načrta paliativne oskrbe zagotavlja posameznikom celovito in usklajeno oskrbo v zadnjih fazah njihovega življenja. Namen zaključnega dela je na podlagi pregleda literature raziskati izkušnje pacientov s kronično nenalezljivo boleznijo z vnaprej pripravljenim načrtom paliativne oskrbe.
Metode: Izvedli smo sistematičen pregled literature, pri katerem smo uporabili opisno metodo dela, metodo kompilacije, metodo analize in sinteze. Za iskanje literature smo uporabili iskalni niz. Uporabljen je bil za iskanje v mednarodnih elektronskih bazah: CINAHL, PubMed in Science-Direct. Potek iskanja in pregleda smo prikazali s pomočjo diagrama PRISMA, identificirane raziskave smo prikazali v tabeli sinteze, hkrati pa izvedli vsebinsko analizo.
Rezultati: Izmed 896 identificiranih zadetkov smo jih v vsebinsko analizo vključili 10. Na podlagi analize smo identificirali šest ključnih podkategorij: 1) Prednosti vnaprejšnjega načrtovanja paliativne oskrbe; 2) Vpliv na kakovost oskrbe in zdravstvene izide; 3) Čustvene in psihološke prednosti; 4) Avtonomija pacienta; 5) Komunikacija in sprejemanje odločitev in 6) Ovire za učinkovito izvajanje vnaprejšnjega načrta paliativne oskrbe, ki smo jih oblikovali v glavno kategorijo, imenovano »Izkušnje pacienta s kronično nenalezljivo boleznijo z vnaprej pripravljenim načrtom paliativne oskrbe«.
Razprava in zaključek: Z raziskavo smo dobili prednosti in koristi ter razloge za nezainteresiranost v sodelovanju izvajanja načrta paliativne oskrbe.
Keywords: kronične nenalezljive bolezni, paliativna oskrba, vnaprej pripravljen načrt paliativne oskrbe
Published in DKUM: 23.10.2024; Views: 0; Downloads: 22
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6. Poznavanje nujnih stanj v paliativni oskrbi med medicinskimi sestrami na urgenciAjda Stojnšek, 2024, master's thesis Abstract: Bolniki v terminalni fazi najpogosteje poiščejo pomoč na urgenci zaradi neobvladljivih simptomov in različnih urgentnih stanj. Namen zaključnega dela je predstaviti pogosta nujna stanja v paliativni oskrbi na urgenci pri bolnikih z napredovalimi nenalezljivimi kroničnimi boleznimi s strani medicinskih sester ter z raziskavo ugotoviti poznavanje, pogostnost in obravnavo nujnih stanj v paliativni oskrbi na urgenci.
Metode: Uporabili smo kvantitativno metodologijo z deskriptivno metodo dela. Podatke smo zbrali s pomočjo ankete, ki so jo izpolnile diplomirane medicinske sestre in diplomirani zdravstveniki, zaposleni v urgentnih centrih v Sloveniji. Pri analizi podatkov smo uporabili tako deskriptivno kot sklepno statistiko.
Rezultati raziskave so pokazali, da se diplomirane medicinske sestre in diplomirani zdravstveniki pogosto srečujejo z nujnimi stanji v paliativni oskrbi. Prav tako so sposobni prepoznati nujna stanja in ločiti moteče simptome od nujnih stanj pri bolnikih z napredovalo neozdravljivo kronično boleznijo v paliativni oskrbi.
V raziskavi smo analizirali poznavanje nujnih stanj v paliativni oskrbi med medicinskimi sestrami in diplomiranimi zdravstveniki na urgenci pri bolnikih z napredovalo neozdravljivo kronično boleznijo (NNKB). Ugotovili smo, da zaposleni uspešno prepoznajo nujna stanja in jih ločijo od motečih simptomov. Za kakovostno izvajanje paliativne oskrbe je potrebno obsežno strokovno znanje, ki ga večina pridobi že med dodiplomskim študijem, lahko pa ga dopolnijo tudi z dodatnimi specializiranimi znanji s področja paliativne oskrbe. Le tako lahko zagotovimo boljšo kakovost življenja bolnikov z NNKB
Keywords: paliativna oskrba, urgentni centri, nujna stanja
Published in DKUM: 03.09.2024; Views: 38; Downloads: 31
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7. Vpliv probiotikov na zmanjšanje pojavnosti obstipacije pri pacientih v paliativni oskrbiAndreja Glavica, 2024, undergraduate thesis Abstract: Uvod: Paliativna oskrba je ključna pri izboljševanju življenjske kakovosti neozdravljivo bolnih pacientov, pri katerih je pogosta težava obstipacija. Za odpravljanje obstipacije pri paliativnih pacientih se izvajajo različni ukrepi, vključno z uporabo probiotikov. Ti imajo pozitiven vpliv na prebavne težave, saj izboljšujejo konsistenco blata in spodbujajo rast koristnih bakterij v črevesju. Namen zaključnega dela je bil raziskati vpliv uživanja probiotikov na zmanjšanje pojavnosti obstipacije pri pacientih v paliativni oskrbi, na podlagi pregleda literature.
Metode: Zaključno delo je temeljilo na deskriptivni metodi dela. Strokovno literaturo smo pregledali in pridobili iz mednarodnih podatkovnih baz, kot so: CINAHL, Cochrane Library, Medline, PubMed, Sage, ScienceDirect in Web of Science. Pregled literature smo predstavili s pomočjo PRISMA diagrama.
Rezultati: V zaključno delo smo vključili sedem randomiziranih s placebom kontroliranih kliničnih raziskav. Vse te raziskave so pokazale, da dopolnilo s probiotiki zmanjšuje pojavnost obstipacije in izboljšuje gastrointestinalne zaplete pri pacientih v paliativni oskrbi.
Razprava in zaključek: Probiotiki bi lahko postali ključni in integriran del oskrbe pacientov v paliativni oskrbi, ki si prizadevajo za najvišjo možno kakovost življenja v svojih zadnjih trenutkih. Njihova uporaba bi omogočila boljše obvladovanje obstipacije ter tako prispevala k izboljšanju počutja in udobja pacientov v tem občutljivem obdobju.
Keywords: paliativna oskrba, probiotik, uporaba, obstipacija, vpliv
Published in DKUM: 29.07.2024; Views: 159; Downloads: 108
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8. Frailty in community-dwelling older people and nursing home residents : an adaptation and validation studySergej Kmetec, Zvonka Fekonja, Adam Davey, Barbara Kegl, Jernej Mori, Nataša Mlinar Reljić, Brendan McCormack, Mateja Lorber, 2024, original scientific article Abstract: Aim: The aim of this was to psychometrically adapt and evaluate the Tilburg Frailty Indicator to assess frailty among older people living in Slovenia's community and nursing home settings.
Design: A cross-cultural adaptation and validation of instruments throughout the cross-sectional study.
Methods: Older people living in the community and nursing homes throughout Slovenia were recruited between March and August 2021. Among 831 participants were 330 people living in nursing homes and 501 people living in the community, and all were older than 65 years.
Results: All items were translated into the Slovene language, and a slight cultural adjustment was made to improve the clarity of the meaning of all items. The average scale validity index of the scale was rated as good, which indicates satisfactory content validity. Cronbach's α was acceptable for the total items and subitems.
Conclusions: The Slovenian questionnaire version demonstrated adequate internal consistency, reliability, and construct and criterion validity. The questionnaire is suitable for investigating frailty in nursing homes, community dwelling and other settings where older people live.
Impact:The Slovenian questionnaire version can be used to measure and evaluate frailty among older adults. We have found that careful translation and adaptation processes have maintained the instrument's strong reliability and validity for use in a new cultural context. The instrument can foster international collaboration to identify and manage frailty among older people in nursing homes and community-dwelling homes.
Reporting Method: The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology checklist for reporting cross-sectional studies was used.
No Patient or Public Contribution: No patient or public involvement in the design or conduct of the study. Head nurses from nursing homes and community nurses helped recruit older adults. Older adults only contributed to the data collection and were collected from nursing homes and community dwelling.
Keywords: aged, chronic disease, frailty, instrument validation
Published in DKUM: 17.07.2024; Views: 106; Downloads: 17
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9. Efficacy of direct or indirect use of probiotics for the improvement of maternal depression during pregnancy and in the postnatal period : a systematic review and meta-analysisKlavdija Čuček-Trifkovič, Dušanka Mičetić-Turk, Sergej Kmetec, Maja Strauss, Hannah Dahlen, Jann Foster, Sabina Fijan, 2022, review article Abstract: The mother and infant form a unique bond, with maternal mental health affecting the interactions with the infant and infant behaviours impacting maternal mental health. One of the possible mechanisms influencing maternal mental health is the manipulation of the gut-brain axis by consuming probiotic supplements. Probiotics can also have an indirect influence on maternal mental health via the modulation of the infant microbiome and consequently improving the infant’s health and thus, indirectly leading to an improvement in maternal mood. This systematic review evaluated the efficacy of probiotics on maternal mental health by searching for randomised controlled trials via international databases: Cochrane Library, PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Web of Science until January 2022. A meta-analysis was performed using the Cochrane Collaboration methodology where possible. We found seven clinical trials that included the word probiotics and addressed maternal depression and/or anxiety. Of these, five trials investigated the influence of maternal probiotic supplementation on the gut-brain axis. Two trials investigated the indirect influence of probiotics on maternal depression via supplementation of probiotics by infants and subsequent influence on the crying of colicky infants. Meta-analysis of two studies of pregnant and postnatal women and two studies of infants consuming probiotics on the outcome of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale for mothers showed no statistical difference. The findings indicate that maternal depression is very complex and is influenced by various bidirectional factors. One of the factors that can improve maternal mental health is probiotics, however, careful consideration must be given to correct strain selection as strain-specific effectiveness was observed. Further well-designed, robust clinical studies are warranted.
Keywords: probiotics, pregnancy, postpartum, depression, prevention, psychobiotics
Published in DKUM: 05.07.2024; Views: 147; Downloads: 13
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10. Electric vehicle charging stations coverage : a study of SloveniaKlemen Prah, Mark Kmetec, Matjaž Knez, 2022, original scientific article Abstract: To promote the penetration of electric vehicles (EVs), it is of great importance to plan and construct charging stations rationally. In this sense, the state of Slovenia's charging station coverage was analysed. Using discrete and network geographic information system (GIS) models, with ArcGIS software, the density of electric vehicle charging stations (EVCSs), geographic distribution, nearness along a street network, and clustering analyses were performed. A survey conducted among Slovenian users of EVs supported the GIS analysis. It was found out that the distribution of EVCSs has an east-northeast to west-southwest directional trend. Only 13% of EVCSs are accessible from the nearest motorway at a distance of 500 meters or less. An insight into intrinsic clustering structure revealed 11 clusters of EVCSs from which the most distinct is the cluster on the area of Ljubljana. The scientific contribution of the research is in the integration of GIS, spatial analysis and the results of a survey to study the coverage of EVCSs in a certain region. Spatial analyses are carefully selected, and, in complementarity, give a comprehensive picture of EVCSs coverage. The research is important for further spatial planning of EVCSs.
Keywords: electric vehicles, electric vehicle charging stations, spatial analysis, geographic information systems, GIS, logistics, Slovenia
Published in DKUM: 02.07.2024; Views: 107; Downloads: 8
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