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1.
Communicating sentiment and outlook reverses inaction against collective risks
Zhen Wang, Marko Jusup, Hao Guo, Lei Shi, Sunčana Geček, Madhur Anand, Matjaž Perc, Chris T. Bauch, Jürgen Kurths, Stefano Boccaletti, Hans-Joachim Schellnhuber, 2020, original scientific article

Abstract: Collective risks permeate society, triggering social dilemmas in which working toward a common goal is impeded by selfish interests. One such dilemma is mitigating runaway climate change. To study the social aspects of climate-change mitigation, we organized an experimental game and asked volunteer groups of three different sizes to invest toward a common mitigation goal. If investments reached a preset target, volunteers would avoid all consequences and convert their remaining capital into monetary payouts. In the opposite case, however, volunteers would lose all their capital with 50% probability. The dilemma was, therefore, whether to invest one's own capital or wait for others to step in. We find that communicating sentiment and outlook helps to resolve the dilemma by a fundamental shift in investment patterns. Groups in which communication is allowed invest persistently and hardly ever give up, even when their current investment deficits are substantial. The improved investment patterns are robust to group size, although larger groups are harder to coordinate, as evidenced by their overall lower success frequencies. A clustering algorithm reveals three behavioral types and shows that communication reduces the abundance of the free-riding type. Climate-change mitigation, however, is achieved mainly by cooperator and altruist types stepping up and increasing contributions as the failure looms. Meanwhile, contributions from free riders remain flat throughout the game. This reveals that the mechanisms behind avoiding collective risks depend on an interaction between behavioral type, communication, and timing.
Keywords: social dilemma, free riding, climate change, negotiation, group size, COVID-19
Published in DKUM: 07.01.2025; Views: 0; Downloads: 2
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2.
Complex systems in the spotlight : next steps after the 2021 Nobel Prize in Physics
Ginestra Bianconi, Alex Arenas, Jacob D. Biamonte, Lincoln D Carr, Byungnam Kahng, János Kertész, Jürgen Kurths, Linyuan Lü, Cristina Masoller, Adilson E Motter, Matjaž Perc, 2023, preface, editorial, afterword

Abstract: The 2021 Nobel Prize in Physics recognized the fundamental role of complex systems in the natural sciences. In order to celebrate this milestone, this editorial presents the point of view of the editorial board of JPhys Complexity on the achievements, challenges, and future prospects of the field. To distinguish the voice and the opinion of each editor, this editorial consists of a series of editor perspectives and reflections on few selected themes. A comprehensive and multi-faceted view of the field of complexity science emerges. We hope and trust that this open discussion will be of inspiration for future research on complex systems.
Keywords: Nobel prize, complex systems, emergent phenomena, physics
Published in DKUM: 30.05.2024; Views: 103; Downloads: 11
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