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Light-induced palladium-catalyzed Buchwald Hartwig amination : master's thesis
Andraž Oštir, 2023, master's thesis

Abstract: The goal of this master’s thesis was to investigate the use of light to enable the acceleration of the Buchwald-Hartwig amination of deactivated aryl chlorides with an ammonium source using a newly developed and optimized state-of-the-art catalyst system. A photoreactor was designed, modelled, and constructed to allow for a reproducible reaction setup under controlled conditions. The optimal light source and reaction conditions were investigated using a model reaction. Conversion of the starting material, product yield and potential byproducts were quantified by gas chromatography (GC) analysis and confirmed by mass spectroscopy (GC/MS). The use of light (3 W 447 nm) enabled the accelerated conversion of aryl chlorides towards the amination products even at room temperature in 2 hours, which is a remarkable improvement upon the previously reported state-of-the-art. Under optimized conditions, the highest yield (88 %) was achieved using a catalyst complex formed from β-methyl naphthyl (β-MeNAP) palladium bromide and the sterically demanding ligand AdBrettPhos. The structure of the complex crystal was elucidated using X-ray crystallography after the crystallization of the catalyst species.
Keywords: Buchwald-Hartwig amination, photochemistry, palladium, room temperature, ammonium salt
Published in DKUM: 03.10.2023; Views: 762; Downloads: 63
Full text (3,76 MB)

Sinteza kovinskih katalizatorjev z metodo mokre impregnacije : diplomsko delo univerzitetnega študijskega programa I. stopnje
Andraž Oštir, 2021, undergraduate thesis

Abstract: Namen diplomskega dela je bil sintetizirati kovinske kislinske katalizatorje z metodo mokre impregnacije aktivnih soli AlCl3, Al(NO3)3 in Al-izopropoksida na nosilec γ–Al2O3. Za karakterizacijo sintetiziranih katalizatorjev smo uporabili različne metode, kot so FTIR (Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy), BET (Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area analysis), DSC (differential scanning calorimetry), TGA (thermogravimetric analysis) in NH3 fizisorpcija. Aktivnost sintetiziranih katalizatorjev smo preizkusili na reakciji esterifikacije miristinske kisline z metanolom. Vzorce smo analizirali s HPLC povezanim z UV-VIS detektorjem. Iz umeritvene krivulje standardnih raztopin miristinske kisline in metil miristata smo določili koncentracije in nadalje presnovo miristinske kisline. Izkazalo se je, da so katalizatorji, ki imajo impregnirano aktivno sol v večjih masnih deležih, bolj učinkoviti pri reakciji esterifikacije, kot pa katalizatorji z manjšim masnim deležem soli. Dobljene eksperimentalne podatke smo opisali z Langmuir-Hinshelwood-Hougen-Watson-ovim modelom. Določili smo konstante proizvodnosti pri različnih temperaturah (50, 55, 60 in 64,5) °C in različnih masah dodanega katalizatorja (0,2, 0,15, 0,1 in 0,05) g.
Keywords: esterifikacija, mokra impregnacija, katalizator, miristinska kislina
Published in DKUM: 31.08.2021; Views: 1069; Downloads: 219
Full text (4,48 MB)

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